ABSTRACT
The components of the
yield of cherry fruit in terms of fruit diameter, number of seeds and weight in
Ugbekun and Oka Market in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. The
average diameter of cherry fruits in location A and B in Ugbekun Market were
26.54mm and 22.84mm while the average diameter of cherry fruits in location A/B
in Oka Market were 23.7mm and 25.9mm. the average number of seeds of cherry
fruit in location A and B in Ugbekun market were 5.6 and 5.2 while the average
number of seeds of cherry fruits in location A and B in Oka Market were
5.8 and 5.0. There was no much difference between the components of yield of
cherry fruit from different locations in Ikpoba Okha L. G. A. because the
plants were exposed to the same climate environ local varieties plant and
local propagation of cherry fruit without the use of adequate (little or no)
fertiliz4er and new hybrid of cherry species.
CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Cherry Plant: (Prunmus
spp) – Cherry is a fleshy drupe (stone) fruit of plants from the genus “Prunus”
members of the family “Rosaecea”. This species in the rose family has a diploid
set of sixteen chromosomes (2n=16). The fruit is a drupe which measures 1-2cm
(0.4-0.8in) in diameter. (larger in some cultivated regions/sections). It is
pale yellow in colour when mature in the mid-summer; it is edible and variably
sweet to eat. However, all parts of the fruit except for the ripe fruit are
slightly toxic in nature containing an acid called “CYANOGENIC
GLYCOSIDES”. Each fruit contain a single hard-shelled stone 8-12mm long, 7-10mm
wide and 6-8mm thick grooved along the flattest edge. The seed (kernel) inside
the stone is 6-8mm long. The fruit is readily eaten by numerous kinds of birds
and mammals which digest the fruity flesh and disperse the seeds in their
droppings. Some rodent and a fero birds notably the “HAWFINCH” also crack open
the seeds to eat the kernel inside. There are two major varieties of cherries namely;
1. The sweet cherry – (Prumus avium)
2. The sour cherry – (prunus cerasus)
They are distinguished
just as the names suggest. That is by their distinctive tastes. Both varieties
of cherry tree can be grown from seeds (otherwise known as cherry pits). The trees
grow to be between 8 and 30ft tall depending on whether they are dwarf,
semi-dwarf or full sized. The wild cherries have been part of the human diet
for a very long time. Some eighteen and nineteenth centuries ago, botanical
authors assumed a western Asia origin for the species based on the writings of
a botanist called PLINY. However archeological findings of seeds from
pre-historic Europe contradict this view. The stones have been found in
deposits at Bronze Age settlements throughout Europe including Britain.
However, in one dated example, wild cherry micro-fossils were found in a core
sample from the “defruits” beneath a dwelling at an early and middle bronze age
pile dwelling site and in the shore of a former lake at “desenzano del garda or
lonato, near the northern shore of lake garda Italy. The date is estimated at
early bronze age 1A carbon-dated then to 2077BC plus or mims 10 years. The
natural forest was largely cleared at that time. By 800BC cherries were being
actively cultivated in Asia minor and soon after in Greece as the main ancestor
of the cultivated cherry.
1. YIELD OF PLANT
Crop yield can be
defined as a measurement of the amount of a crop that was harvested per unit of
land area. crop yield is the measurement often used for a cereal, grain or
legume and its normally measured in metric tons per hectare (or kilogrammes per
hectare).
Crop yield can also
refer to the actual seed generation from the plant for example, a grain
or wheat yielding three new grains of wheat would have a crop yield of 1:3. It
is also referred to as “agricultural output”.
Dictionary speaking,
yield has two meanings that seem quite different. “an amount” or “to give
way”. The yield of the recipe was twelve brownie to avoid being tripped, Mary
was forced to yield to the children on her way to the brownie plate. While
these meanings seem quite different, they both mean “to give”. Yield can also
be defined as to give forth or produce by a natural process or in return for
cultivation.
1. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
2. Is cherry fruit important species in Ikpoba Okha
Local Government Area?
3. Do we have high yield of cherry fruit in Ikpoba
Okha Local Government?
4. Is the environment in Ikpoba Okha condiucive for
cherry plant?
5. Component of yield of cherry plant is it the
same in the different market in Ikpoba Okha LGA?
6. PURPOSE OF STUDY
Purpose of the study is
to carry out a market survey in three different markets in Ikpoba Okha and
compare the component of yield of cherry fruit. Circumference, number of seeds,
weight in the market).
The research is also to
find out the view of people in Ikpoba Okha L. G. A. about the yield of cherry
plant and how to improve the yield.
1. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This project work is
designed especially to provide people particularly those in Ikpoba Okha Local
Government Area of Edo State with the prospect of the cherry fruit as it affect
the socio-economic life of the people in Ikpoba Okha.
The project also aim to
improve the yield of pepper plant in their environment and to draw the
attention of the government in Ikpoba Okha to improve the lives of the
people.
1. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In order to ensure a
comprehensive investigation of this study it is important to formulate a number
of questions to guide in collection of data that will facilitate the
arrangement of finding and to make worthy discussion of finding. The following
research questions are therefore pertinent;
·
Are the size(s) of
cherry fruit in Ugbekun market and Oka market the same?
·
Do the numbers of seeds
in a cherry fruit vary?
·
Do the sweetness as a
component of the cherry fruit differ?
·
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
This study was carried
out within Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area. primarily, carried out in two
different markets in Upper Sakponba road in Ikpoba Okha Local Government
Area.
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Cherry: Cherry is a
flesy drupe fruit of plants from the genus “prunus” members of the family
“Rosacae” and it is pale yellow in colour when mature in mid-summer.
Fruit: A fruit is a
fertilized and ripened ovary and the seed inside the fruit are developed from
ovules.
Components: One of
several parts that together make up a whole system.
Survey: A set of
questions you ask a large number of people in order to find out their opinion.
Yield: The amount of
crops that you get.
Botany: The scientific
study of plants and their structure.
Botanist: A scientist
who deals with the scientific study of plants and their structure.
Department | Biology |
Project ID Code | BIO0014 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 39 pages |
Methodology | Descriptive |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
|
|
Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |