ABSTRACT
This project work was
designed to find out the effect of communicable diseases among children in
Benin City poor. Communicable diseases are very common among poor resident.
Communicable diseases could be contacted and have effects in primary school
pupils, which may include deformity and poor academic performance. Immunization
can be used to control the spread of communicable diseases among school pupils.
One hundred respondents were used as sample study. Research questions were
formulated to analyze the results. Results showed that lack of parental care,
lack of health education and overcrowding of pupils in class lead to spread of
communicable diseases. Recommendations made included that every individual
should be fully educated about communicable diseases and that adequate and
proper hygiene should be encouraged.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Statement of problem
1.3
Purpose of the study
1.4
Significance of the study
1.5
Scope of study
1.6
Limitation of study
1.7
Definition of terms
1.8
Research questions
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature review
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Research Methodology
3.1
Research design
3.2
Sample of the study
3.3
Sample techniques adopted
3.4
Validity of instrument
3.5
Method of data collection
3.6
Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Data analysis and presentation of results
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1
Summary
5.2
Conclusion
5.3
Recommendation
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
1. Background of the Study
Communicable diseases
are as old as man and they constitute a great menace to human beings in every
part of the world. They are one of the greatest problems facing children today.
The diseases are silent killers unlike accident that kills instantly. Man has
been trying to get rid of these diseases, for years but efforts made have
proved partially abortive. Specifically, pre-school children (0-5 years old)
are prone to communicable diseases because of their close interaction with one
another, their non-discriminatory behaviours and also their low immunity power.
A disease that is transmitted through direct contact with an infected
individual or indirectly through a vector. Also called contagious disease.
Communicable Disease
Definition
Communicable disease is often called contagious or infectious disease. Anderson
(2000) defined a communicable disease as a disease that can be transmitted from
one person to another or from lower animal to higher animal (man). He
attributed the cause of these diseases to pathogenic microorganisms. Brain
(2007) also noted that communicable disease are infectious diseases that can be
passed from person to another or from an animal to a person.
It is generally believed that nature harbours many microorganism which are very
difficult to see with mere naked eyes except with the use of highly powerful
microscopic lens. Those microorganisms which harm the human body are called
pathogens. Udoh, Fawole, Ajala, Okafo & Nwana (2007) confirmed that
pathogens that harm the body are popularly known as germs. These invade the
tissues of the human host where they produce the condition called disease.
These germs/pathogens (that is virus, bacteria, protozoan and metazoan) are
mostly found in dirty places where the temperature and atmosphere support their
existence.
Olaoye (2008) classified communicable diseases into four namely water borne
disease, air borne diseases, insect borne and other diseases that are
transmitted by contacts and arthropods. Brain (2007) stated that the best way
of classifying communicable diseases is by their spread, and these are; air
borne or droplet infections; faecal borne or gastro-intestina infections;
transmission from animal, from insects and by contacts. Barbara and Bauirer
(2007) identified three ways of transmitting communicable diseases as;
transmission by contact, by vector and by air.
1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Home environment
contribute to communicable diseases among school children. In the Africa
culture the value of education is highly perfect, be it formal. If one take the
formal education as a case study, the home or environment contribute a lot to
the hygienic system of the child both of home and in school. As this could
prevent some communicable disease that could have affected the pupils because
the sound foundation for future prevention of communicable diseases start from
home. lack of care at home, some time cause unhealthy rivalry among pupils as
it has a negative effect on the health of the child both of home school and its
environment.
1. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this
study is to find out the cause and effects of communicable diseases among children
in Benin City. specifically, the study sought to:
1. Determine the causes of communicable disease
among children in Benin City.
2. Ascertain the effect of communicable disease
among children in Benin City.
3. Determine ways to address the issues of
communicable disease among children in Benin City.
4. Determine effect of poverty of parents to the
spread of communicable diseases among children.
1. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The researcher in trying
to substantiate the result of his study deducted the following research questions
which are:
1. Does lack of parental care lead to spread of
communicable disease among children in Benin City?
2. Does lack of health education lead to spread of
communicable disease among children in Benin City?
3. Can overcrowding of pupils in classrooms lead to
the incidence of communicable disease among children in Benin City?
4. Does poverty of parents lead to spread of
communicable diseases among children?
1. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
In carrying out the
study, the researcher hoped that it would be of great benefit to the public in
general and to the educational system in particular. It would help educate
parents on how to handle their environment and the health of their children.
This study will help school management in preventing the spread of communicable
disease in school and how to help children suffering from such problems.
Moreover it is hoped that it would help teachers to know how to handle such
children when they experience difficulties.
1. SCOPE OF THE STUDY/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study is restricted
to pupils from Orhionmwon Local Government Area of Edo State Benin City. it is
also limited to some six primary schools within the study area. The researcher
limited her study to primary schools in Orhionmwon Local Government Area of Edo
State.
Therefore, only primary
six from six primary school located in urban and rural areas of the local
government were used for the study. They are as follows:
1. Abiokula Primary School, Abudu
2. Adanko Primary School, Evbiboesi
3. Adenko Primary School, Ugo
4. Okogbo Primary School, Okogbo
5. Awannore Primary School, Evboesi
6. Obozogbe Primary School, Obozogbe
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Bacteria: Constitute a
large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in
length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from sphere to rods and
spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on earth, and are
present in most of its habitats. Bacterial inhabit soil, water, acidic hot
springs, radioactive waste, and the deep portions of earth’s crust. Bacteria
also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationship with plants and animals. They
are also known to have flourished in manned spacecraft.
Communicable: (of a
disease) able to be transmitted from one sufferer to another contagious or
infectious.
Disease: A disorder of
structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that
produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not
simply a direct result of physical injury. A disease is a particular abnormal,
pathological condition that affects part or all of an organism. It is often
construed as a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It
may be caused by factors originally from an external source, such as infectious
disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune
diseases. In humans, “disease” is often used more broadly to refer to any
condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to
the person afflicted, or similar problems for t hose in contact with the
person.
Endemic: in
epidemiology, an infections is said to be endemic in a population when that
infection is maintained in the population without the need for external inputs.
For example, chickenpox is endemic (steady state) in the UK, but malaria is
not. Every year, there are a few cases of malaria acquired in the UK, but these
do not lead to sustained transmission in the population due to the lack of a
suitable vector.
Hazard: A hazard is a
situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property, or
environment. Most hazards are dormant or potential, with only a theoretical
risk of harm, however, once a hazard becomes “active”, it can create an
emergency situation. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called an
incident. Hazard and possibility interact together to create risk.
Sporadic: Appearing or
happening at irregular intervals in time, occasional, sporadic renewals of
enthusiasms. Appearing in scattered or isolated instances, as a disease,
isolated as a single instance of something, being or occurring apart from
others occurring singly or widely apart in locality; the sporadic growth of
plants.
Department | Biology |
Project ID Code | BIO0010 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 62 pages |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |