ABSTARCT
The continued decline in
productivity government parastatals despite huge financial and material
resources invested in them has been a matter of concern to all well
meaning Nigerians. This has in its part contributed to the economic
crisis which the country is currently facing. This research work is designed to
look into the motivational aspect of the work environment and its relative
effect on productivity in these parastatals.
Some how workers in the
public sectors of the economy are no effectively motivated into increasing
their productivity and this has a major factor in contributing to the
decline in productivity and subsequently to the present condition of the
economy. these it is the purpose of the study to investigate
the assumptions as stated in the hypothesis.
The data used for this
research were collected mainly through the use of questionnaire. These
questionnaires were positioned in various cadres of workers in the Imo State
hospital manageemnt board in all the three (3) zones of the state. The data
collected were analyzed by percentage and chi-square statistical methods the
findings of the research are:
1. That
a fairly good majority of workers in these parastatals are happy
with their job
2. That
the management of these parastatals does not pay worker nor reward staff for
putting more effort in their job
3. That
majority of the workers opted for promotion salaries recognition high
payment of wages/salaries as the major conditions for them to increase their
productivity
4. The
management of the parastatals virtually make no effort to recognize and
compensate workers.
5. That
sponsored training programme in the parastatals are few
6. That
very good inter-relationship exist among the worker.
7. That
96 percent of workers affirmed to the fact that if they are compensated
affectively they will increase their productivity.
8. That
the inherent problem of financial benefits and welfare especially has covered
the standard of living of the workers.
Finally the
recommendations suggested to help alleviate the problem areas are:
1. The
employers should device an effective and efficient means of paying the worker
the various benefits and care fro welfare
2. The
motivational factors like promotion increase in salaries and recognition
should be used as means of gingering the workers into increase performance.
3. That
recognition and appropriate financial reward should be given to workers who put
in more effort on the job
4. That
the management of the parastatals should increase their sponsored training
programme as its tool of increasing productivity
5. That
the management of the parastalats should do everything possible to maintain the
work environment
TABLE
OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1
A brief historical background of the Imo state health management board
1.2
Statements of problem.
1.3
Research questions
1.4
Purpose/ significant of the study
1.5
Assumptions of the study
1.6
limitation of the study
1.6
Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature review
2.1
The concept of motivation
2.2
What is motivation
2.3
Definition of motivation
2.4
The importance of motivation
2.5
Theories of motivation
2.6
The concept theories
i.
Douglas H. gregor’s theories x and Y
ii.
Abraham H Maslow’s need of hierarchy theory
iii.
Fredrick Herzberg’s two factor theory
iv.
David Mc cleland needs theory of motivation
v.
C.P Alerfer’s era theory of motivation
vi
Elton mayo’s human relations theory of motivation
vii.
The equity theory
2.5.2
other motivation factor
i.
The expectancy theory
ii.
Summary of literature review
Reference
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Research design & methodology
3.1 Data selection
3.2
Determination of sample size
3.3
Sources of data
3.4
Methods of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Finding and analysis of data
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
Summary of research finding
5.1
Recommendation
5.2
Conclusions
Appendix
Appendix I letter of
authority
Appendix II
questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION.
There is clearly and
widely accepted belief that the economy of this counting is weak. This has in
effect caused such as untold economic hardship to the populace, such that has
never been experienced in the history of Nigeria since its independence. It is an
acknowledged view that the economy of the entire world is undergoing
recessional period. This is much noticeable and hard- feet in the third world
countries of which Nigeria is one.
Nigeria is much up of
thirty- six (36) state and Abuja as the federal Capital territory (FTC)
and she practices mixed economy ideology system. This is an inheritance from
her colonial masters. This resulted to her economic structure in relation to
ownership of factors of production being divided into sectors. Earlier
before the outset of the third commendable and the standard of living was
fairly high, as the purchasing power of our currency was also high. The factors
that led into the buoyancy were the revenue that was constantly earned from the
sales of crude oil.
The second factor was
that the nation’s agricultural productivity was also higher than what is
obtainable now. Some of the resultant effect of high flow of revenue from crude
oil was that people became reluctant to work and displayed a great deal of non-
chalet attitude towards the continuation of their agriculture and small sale
industrial operations. This subsequently led to a decrease in productivity of
goods and services. It further resulted in an increased dependence on imported
oil. Thus, there existed a great disparity between our foreign exchange
earnings and our expenditure of which the later was greater.
The emergence of the
oil, glut, made it clear that Nigerian’s economy is hanging on a balance. This
situation led to the introduction of the structural Adjustment programmes other
wise known as ‘SAP’ by the Babangide administration. This was designed to help
bring the rumblings economy its shape. The main strategy here is to reduce the
rush for foreign goods, increase production locally and to restructure the
entire economy to operate at a greater degree of indecency from foreign
influence. The role of effective management of financial, material and human
resources cannot therefore be underestimated as one of the means of achieving
these economic goals. The government is doing her best through viable policy
plans and strategies to influxes substantial materials and financial resources
of the two arms in production and ultimate economic stability.
On the note, its very
important to recognize that for economic growth to be achieved, full and
effective consideration must be given to the well being of the individual
workers that required to carryout their respective activities in the economic
system. When workers are being taken care of, there is the tendency for increased
productivity. If productivity increases, there will be the urge for generating
more revenue (that is profit) from taxes to the government. Undertaking higher
motivational programmes on the individual workers can only do this as it
effects human resources management among other factors of production.
It is the objectives of
the study to examine the extent if positive effect that could be achieved
through effective motivational programmes on productivity unique semi-
independent government sector called prostates.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There is an ‘Igbo’ adage which says that ‘a
collectively owned goat starves to death’. But why? This adage goes to explain
the differences that have been existing in efficiency, effectiveness and
productivity between the private owned and government establishments.
The main functional area
of these parastatals is centered on provision of services of various types such
as healthcare, information dissemination, electricity supply and so on.
Competition between these private organizations that offer the same services in
the parastatals and the parastatals themselves therefore exists.
People seems to patrnize
private sectors than the public sectors, Reasons, being that the private
sectors that offer similar services are more efficient and also offer them with
keen interest. Typical examples are a situation where people patronize private
owned hospitals. The question now is ‘why do people drift away from patronizing
public set up.’?
A caused interview
confirmed some serious complaints by the members of the public over the
uncaring and non-chalet attitudes of these government hospital workers.
Conversely, a very close
fact finding investigation within the workers confirmed these allegation
further questioning as to why workers behave that way, gave the investigator
these impressions and they include the following;
-
High degree of frustration and stigma in the work place.
-
Wrong timing in administration of salaries, wages and fringe benefits and other
various ills that have befallen the workers which involve bribery, corruption,
inefficiency and ultimately downward plunging of productivity which would
continue unless something is done to remedy these problems.
1.3 RESEACH
QUESTIONS.
-Is motivation really a means of achieving the
desired result in an organization?
- Dose it mean that
effectiveness of production depends on the motivated factors of employees?
- Has
efficiency be improved since some motivated system was introduced?
1.4 PURPOSE
/ SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
The basic motive of this study is to find
out the role which effective motivational programmes have played in the
continues decrease in productivity in government parastatals, despite that the
government has from time to time invested a substantial amount of financial,
material and human resources in them.
Furthermore, the purpose of this study is also
to look into the internal components of these human resources with special
reference to the motivational efforts made by the management for the workers
which will ultimately determine their behavior and attitude to work. The
efficient and effective utilization of mind and motivation.
Lab our is the most sensitive factor of
production. It is human and it needs substantial economic, social and spiritual
support to survive. Therefore, it is important to observe the efficient success
and survival of other factors of production and the organization as a whole.
The ultimate achievement of goals and objectives
of an organization is to maximize profit with the available lab our given them
the required thins to motivate them.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY.
The main reason why this
research is carried out in wider perspectives is the researcher’s concern over
the wider spread outcry by the entire populace of this country over the present
state of the economy. In the light of this, both individuals and governments
towards reviving the determine are making various efforts and sacrifices are
being made by both individuals and governments towards reviving the
deteriorating economy.
Psychologically,
people’s attitude towards work desire for personal betterment and achievement,
and confidence in future, affects a nation’s economic growth by learning what
kind of attitude and motivations people have on the kind of effect upon
economic behavior and status.
Therefore, high
productivity is a vital component of a growing economy and all avenues must be
exploited towards achieving this objective.
The need for the study
therefore, becomes stronger and consequently concentrates on the desire to find
out how and to what extent effective motivational programmes could help in
making workers to increase their productivity.
1.5 ASSUMPTION
OF THE STUDY
Low productivity could
be traced to be caused by many economic variables such as lackadaisical
attitude of the workers, which would be due to lack of motivation.
Hence the
researcher assumes the following;
-
That through adequate budgetary, allocations and subsidies these parastatals
are provided with adequate financial resources.
-
That the government makes every effort to provide all the material
resources required to maintain the efficient and effective
functioning of these parastatals.
-
That the lab our –factor component of the parastatals are knowledgeable,
skilled and experienced enough and that their job allocations are unique with
their personal potentials.
-
That the public will be willing to patronize these parastatals if they were
assured of adequate and efficient services commensurate with the value of their
income expended for such services.
1.6 DEFFINITION
OF TERMS.
1) MOTIVATION: This
is an individual’s inner state that causes the person to behave in a way that
ensures the accomplishment of some goals.
2) MANAGEMENT: Is
the process of reaching the organizational goal by working with and through
people and other organizational resources.
3) MOTIVATION
STRENTH: This is an individual’s degree of desire to perform a
behavior.
4) MOTIVATION
FACTORS: These are the set of items that influence the degree of job
satisfaction.
5)
ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS:
This refers to the degree to which the organization accomplishes its
objectives.
6) PRODUCTIVITY This
is the relating of input to output to defect whether the organization is moving
forward or not.
7)
EQUITY: This is the
right an ordinary shareholder has to the share in the profit of the
organization.
8)
RESEARCH: This is
part of the company’s activities concerned with discovering new products for
the company and for making technical improvements in existing ones.
9)
HERARCHY OF NEEDS: By
maslow’s ‘state of Human Needs’ he described hierarchy of needs as
the arrangement of human needs in an order in which individuals generally
strive to satisfy themselves. And these needs are arranged in a hierarchy of
importance as follow;
Physiological needs security, Security needs
social, social needs Esteem, and Esteem needs Self- actualization.
10) ORGANIZATION: This
is the act of integrating and co-coordinating the efforts of different
individual and gives purpose to there efforts in terms of objectives to be
accomplished.
Department | Business Administration and Management |
Project ID Code | BAM0161 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 79 pages |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |