ABSTRACT
The research work looks
at the Application Total Quality Management Techniques in the manufacturing
sector of Nigerian Economy, a case study of Emenite Ltd Emene Enugu.
Questionnaire were
distributed randomly to staffs of Emenite in other to obtain information
necessary to answer the three (3) hypotheses questions. The data obtained
were analysed by the use of frequency distribution and percentage and the
results were presented in tables. The researcher find out that total
quality management is a prerequisite for reducing errors and unproductive
activities in the organization. It was also discovered that for efficiency
and effectiveness in the organizational performance total quality management
must be adherence to strictly and followed to the later. Also find out
that TQM is a new concept in Nigeria manufacturing industries.
From the analysis of
data collected through questionnaires and personal interview, some problems
were identified. These include; the success a good total quality
management in an organization depends very much on the quality of management
and supervisory personnel in the organization. Planning and measurement
are half hazardly done and this is a major prerequisite for the successful
implementation of TQM.
From the research, it is
quite obvious that TQM goes beyond managers rendering lip service to
conventional service quality wisdom. It also transcend a mysterious
process, the success of which depends on an elusive combination of
organizational, cultural or market management process which produces results
through adherence to a clear well-articulated and consistent methodology.
The research work is
divided into five chapters. Chapters one discuss the background of the
study, statement of problems, objective of the study and draw three hypotheses,
which was duly analysed in chapter four. Chapter two and three discuss
the relevant literature review and the research design and methodology
respectively. Whole chapter five was on the findings, summary and
recommendation.
Finally, this is a
relatively new area. More research is needed here by professional
management parishioners to get a more general view of what Total Quality
Management practice in the manufacturing industry is about especially now that
the system of government in Nigeria, which is democracy, is greatly favouring
the manufacturing sector through its policies on ban on importation.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of the study
1.2 Statement
of the problem
1.3 Objective
of the study
1.4 Hypothesis
formulation
1.5 Scope
and of limitation
1.6 Significant
of the study
1.7 Limitation
of the study
1.8 Definition
of term
Reference
CHAPTER
TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Historical
background of Emenite limited
2.3 Theoretical
frame work
2.4 Effective
approaches to implement TQM
2.5 Quality
assurance
2.6 Quality
system
2.7 Specifications
and requirements, quality characteristic, and standards
2.8 Characteristics/principles
of TQM
2.9 The
roles of quality management
2.10 Benefits
of quality control
2.11 TQM
and its impact on manufacturing sector
2.12 Summary
of the review of the related literature
References
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 An
overview
3.2 Sources
of data
3.3 Research
characteristics
3.4 Population
characteristics
3.5 Sample
size determination
3.6 Sampling
plane
3.7 Tools
for data analysis
References
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1
Presentation and data analysis
4.2 Analysis
of responses
4.3 Test
of hypothesis
References
CHAPTER
FIVE
FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary
of findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Today, the universe has
witnessed various changes that had been affecting human existence, particularly
from the period of Stone Age to the computer age. The full conceptual
significance of the modern view of quality cannot be conveyed by such a succinct
expression as “total quality”. The adjective ‘total’ is so broad that
inevitably it becomes ambiguous; any plausible interpretation could be included
(even that of absolute quality, free of defects).
Conventionally ‘total’
is used to indicate company. Wide application, and terms like total
quality management or, better still company-wide quality management embraces
the entire company and everyone within the company. The term quality
management is intended to convey a vertical approach to quality in an organization
i.e. quality is a matter of concern for everybody in an organization.
Feigenbaum (1983)
Pioneers the total quality message by his emphasis on the managerial and system
aspect he opined that: total quality control is an effective system for integrating
the quality development (planning) quality maintenance (control) and quality
improvement efforts of the various groups in an organization so as to enable
production and service at the most economical levels which allow for full
customer satisfaction.
Conti (1993) defines
Total Quality management as a philosophy of management that strives to make the
best use of all available resources and opportunities by constant
improvement. Total Quality management is the key business improvement
strategy and they key management issue of the future because it is essential
for efficiency and competitiveness. He further emphasized that Total
Quality management is a corporate business management philosophy, which
recognizes that, customers needs and business goals are in separable. It
is applicable within both industry and public enterprise.
It ensures maximum
effectiveness and efficiency within a business and secures commercial
leadership by putting in place process and system which will promote
excellence, prevent errors and ensure that every aspect of the business is
aligned to customer needs and the advancement of business goals without
duplication or waste of effort by releasing the full potential of all
employees.
Lucky (1984) sees Total
Quality Management as the culture of quality awareness and quality improvement
in every process in every level in the organization. He takes an
extensional view of quality as compared with the traditional western internal
view. The internal view of quality concentrates on ensuring that the
times produced conform to their specification with accepted tolerances.
The external view on the other hand is pioneered by the Japanese, places much
more emphasis on the original design, which the customer ordered.
In today’s global
business rivalry, the long-term survival of any organization depends on its
continuous ability to satisfy customer’s needs and expectations in respect of
the quality of the service provided or products functionality. Total
quality management can also be defined as a total company-wide effort that
includes all employees, suppliers and customers that seeks continuously to
improve the quality of products and processes to meet the needs and
expectations of the customers at the lowest overall cost.
The Guardian May 18,
1999 contribute that total quality management is a total way of life, an
enhancing culture which drives the entire organization. In order words,
Total Quality Management organizationally implores a total company-wide effort
involving suppliers, customers, employees, managers and executives in a
lifetime process of satisfying each other’s requirement as internal or external
customers to each other.
The application of total
quality management techniques in the manufacturing sector of Nigerian economy
revolves round product delivery. Nigeria became politically independent
in 1960 but it took a period of seventeen years (1977) for her to come up with
a statement of objectives to guide the citizens. Even ten years later
(1987) these objectives are free and democratic society, a united strong and
self-reliant nation, a great and dynamic economy and a land of bright and full
opportunities for all, then seen as a beautiful dream to be realized, have
become a night mare from all indications this dream did not score a ‘pass mark’
on the five objectives which was set some years ago. It should not come
as a surprise that we are beset with myriads of problems. Notable among
them are: inflation, unemployment, scarcity of goods, high cost of raw
materials, dysfunctional communication system, political instability, all
compounded further insecurity, bad image, and lack of discipline among her
citizens.
Since the manufacturing
sector is a component of the social system, it is logical to conclude that it
cannot be doing well especially when it is realized that it is perceived and
regarded a vital socializing agency. The interesting thing about it is
the publication of the first policy on manufacturing sector.
The promise about the
implementation the policy some years ago and up till now, what we have is a
sketchy and haphazard adoption of selected items on the document by few
company’s certain skills and values which would be indispensable to the
survival of manufacturing sector, in the new millennium are yet to be incorporated
hence the examination of total quality management techniques in the
manufacturing sector of Nigerian economy.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Asika (1999/2000)
posited that a problem is recognized when a doubt is raised, difficulty is created
or dissatisfaction occurs and a solution is needed on this note, the foundation
upon which any research work is based is the probing question initiated by the
numerous problems which this research undertaking is set to address. Some
of them are mentioned below:
-
The idea of total quality management techniques in the existing manufacturing
sector of Nigerian economy.
-
The monitory of total quality control techniques in setting standards in
organization.
-
Continuous improvement in total quality control objectives, policies and
strategies in manufacturing sector.
-
Commitment to total quality control training and management.
-
The implementation of strategies embracing the process of total quality
management techniques.
-
Measurement of performance and management horizons to sustain improvement on
potential problems.
-
The management, priorities and coordination of problem solving activities.
1.3 OBJECTIVE
OF THE STUDY
The
reason for carrying out this research work is to review all relevant concepts
of total quality management techniques and investigate its application on the
manufacturing sector of Nigerian economy, as it has yielded positive result in
some other sectors.
The specific of
objectives are:
-
To identify the challenges and benefits of total quality management techniques
in Nigerian manufacturing sector.
-
To identify and formulate some guidelines for the implementation of total
quality management techniques in Emenite Limited Emene Enugu.
-
To finding ways of improving the quality of Emenite’s product.
1.4 HYPOTHESIS
FORMULATION
These hypothesis
include:
1.
Ho: Total quality management techniques does not
ensure continuous
improvement on consumer standard and
expectation.
Hi: Total
quality management techniques ensure continuous improvement on consumer
standard and expectation.
2.
Ho: Total quality management does not contribute
to the profitability
of the organisation.
Hi: Total
quality management contributes to the profitability of the organisation.
3.
Ho: Quality is not a significant aspect of the
economy to ensure value
for money.
Hi: Quality
is a significant aspect of the economy to ensure value for money
1.5 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The scope of the study
tends to cover the geographical, demographically, social and economic
boundaries of the study. But this study is expected to cover the
application of total quality management in the manufacturing sector of Nigerian
economy as it results to excellence, cost reduction, and realization of
organizational objectives.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The reason for this
study is to examine the effect of total quality management techniques on the
battered Nigerian manufacturing sector and how it can be implemented with
particular reference to Emenite Limited Emene, Enugu.
It is pertinent to
unravel all the problems traceable to the Nigerian manufacturing sector.
After through examination of total quality management techniques on the
manufacturing sector, the findings of study will help in:
- Reducing
errors, wastes, long cycle time and delay in operations in the sector.
-
Preventing problems before they occur instead of five fighting approach problem
solving.
-
Establishing individual and department cooperation through teamwork.
-
Emphasizing on process, focus and places premium on prevention rather than
inspection and crisis management.
-
Providing quality objectives involving motivation through empowerment.
1.7 DEFINITIONS
OF TERMS
Definitions of terms
serves as the dictionary of this research. The terms are defined to
enable the reader understand the research more clearly.
Quality: ANSI/ANGC standard A.3 (1978) is the
totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on
its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs.
Total quality: Deming (1971) is the statistical control of
quality in application of statistical principles and techniques in all stages
of design, production, maintenance and satisfaction of demand.
Management: Akpoyomare (1991) is a breach of learning that
is concerned with the skilful employment, utilization, and control of people,
plants, materials, tools, money and information with the aim of achieving a
defined purpose or goal.
Total quality
management: Conti (1993) this
means a philosophy of management that strives to make the best us of all
available resources and opportunities by constant improvement.
Satisfaction: Akpoyomare (1991) is a person’s
feeling of pleasure or disappointment resulting from company outcome in
relation to his or her expectations.
Department | Business Administration and Management |
Project ID Code | BAM0116 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 101 pages |
Methodology | Chi Square |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |