ABSTRACT
TOPIC: The need for efficient stock management in a
manufacturing company. A case study of Anambra Automobile manufacturing company
(ANAMMCO) Emene Enugu State.
The efficient stock
management of available resources as a pre-requisite to a stable and healthy
growth of every company, this is a foundation for survival of the company in a
competitive market. And for this is to be achieved, eventually is one of the
resources concerned the management of various company are always in a dilemma
as far as this stock management is concerned. The problem then is whether to
wild stock too low or too high, too large or too little, any of the
alternatives affects the profitability of the company.
Therefore the problem of
inventory management revolves around the determination of or maintaining an
optimal level of inventory. The optimal stock varies from one company to anther
depending on the nature and volume of operation. This problem prompted the
researcher into stock management in a manufacturing company.
The study is designed to
study how effectively country is being managed in the company and to find out
the likely consequences of over-stocking and under-stocking. The study is also
to examine the factors that influence the stock of raw materials in the
company.
This research work will
be carried out in three departments of the company. They are production,
accounts and store departments.
To really determine the
effectiveness of inventory management in the company the researcher employed
both primary and secondary method of data collection. The primary data involves
oral/personal method of investigation and questionnaires, while secondary data
involves data extracted from text books, past projects and journals. Some major
finding shows that over investment and under investment has adverse effects on
the company and therefore affects the profit earning of the company.
Then from the results of
the analysis other findings were obtained and recommendation and conclusion
were also reached.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.2 Background
of the
study
1.3 Statement
of the problem
1.4 The
importance of
study
1.5 Definition
of important of
term
Reference
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature
review
2.1
The origin of the subject
area
2.2 Schools
of thought within the subject
area
2.3 The
school of thought relevant to the problem of
study
2.4
Different methods of studying the problem
2.5
Summary
Reference
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Data
presentation (highlights of the
study)
3.1
Analysis of the
data
3.2 Recommendation
3.3
Conclusion
References
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.2
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In this study, inventories constitute the most
significant part of current assets of a large majority of companies, for
example current asset in public limited companies, industries such as the
plantation, edible vegetable, and hydrogerated oil, sugar, tobacco cotton, Jute
and woolen textiles, non-ferrous metals (other than Aluminum) transport
equipment and foundries and engineering workshops. Inventories form more than
60% of current assets while it accounts for only 30% and below the printing and
publishing electricity generation, supply, trading and shopping industries.
Inventories are the stocks of the product a company is manufacturing for sales
and component that make the products. The various component of stock are raw
materials, Work In Progress (WIP) and finished goods. Raw materials are those
basic input materials that are converted into finished good through the
manufacturing process.
Raw materials stock are those units of input which have been purchased and
stored for future productions.
Work-in-progress stocks are semi manufactured products. They become finished
goods, inventories are those completely manufactured products which are ready
for sale stocks of raw materials and work-in-progress facilitate production
while stock of finished goods is required for smooth marketing operations.
The levels of three kinds of inventories differ depending on the nature and
volume of business operation. A manufacturing firm will have substantially high
levels of all three kinds of inventories while a retail or wholesale firm will
have a very high level of finished goods inventories known as inventory
supplies. These include office plant cleaning materials (Soap, brooms etc) viz,
fuel, light bulbs and the like. These materials do not directly enter into the
production, but are necessary for production.
Sophisticated, system of inventory is not maintained for them, because they
firm and not much funds are committed on them considering the large sum of
money that are committed onto these stocks of materials work-in-progress and
finished goods, it therefore becomes obvious that these stocks should be
managed efficiently in order to maintain the profit position of the firm. An
under taking neglecting the management of inventories will be jeopardizing its
long-run profit ability and may fail ultimately. The only sure way by which
this risk can be avoided in a company is for the company to install a sound
stocks management system.
There is an optimum level of investment from any asset whether cash, physical
plant, or industries for example, the balance of cash may be too large or too
small. One of the reasons for having earnings made by the shareholders on the
other hand the reason for holding too low cash balance might due to the poor
credit rating of the firm. Therefore for every asset there most be that ideal
optimum level of investment that compared with the other asset classes, helps
maximize long-term profit.
This study therefore studies stock management at Anambra with a view to
arriving at conclusion on the practice of stock management in manufacturing
industries.
1.3
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
It is obviously clear and certain that inventory form part of total asset of a
company and also constitute the most significant part of current asset of a
large major companies inventory management. And effective management cannot
therefore be divorced from one another. The ultimate aim of the effective
inventory management is to maintain an optimal level of inventory as to
forestall economic growth and the development of the company.
Inventory management problem boarder on how to minimize investment in inventory
without hampering the activities or effective functioning of the enterprise.
The problems of inventory management usually centers on stock which are:
1.
Aids the company to understand how long production activities can be
sustained.
2.
It affects the ability of the company to stay in production especially incase
where among combination of stock is available thereby making it unsuitable for
the firm to acquire on available stock at extra cost, sometime with bank loan.
3.
It affects the production efficiency of industries especially where there is
low stock available, without the management noticing, this can lead to stoppage
of production.
4.
It affects the price of product sometimes, especially in cases were due to
storage of wrong combination of stock, the industry is forced to take a loan,
to acquire additional necessary stock to facilitate production.
1.4 THE
IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of this study to the
manufacturing concern in general, And Anambra motor manufacturing company
(ANAMMCCO) in particular, is to find solution to this ending problem, how much
can the basing afford to invest in stocks without adverse financial effects on
he company profitability, since companies have some many other operations
needing money, investing two much on stocks means that there will be little or
no funds to meet up the expenditures on those operations. Therefore there is
the need for the manufacturing companies to invest wisely on stocks.
1.5
DEFINITION OF IMPORTANT OF TERM
1.
Stock is the finished goods held for sale at the beginning or at the end of a
production process of an organization or company of financial year.
2.
Economic order quality is the optimum or maximum level of stock
3.
Carrying cost is the desired rate if returns on investment in inventory and
cost of storage breakage, like insurable change, obsolesce
4.
Ordering cost is the expenses incurred in the event of making an order on the
price or pays for ordering for a given item.
5.
Re-order point is the point where it becomes necessary to place another order
for stock.
6.
Safety stock is the minimum or better stock which serve as a custom against
reasonable expected maximum usage.
7.
Lead time is the time interval between placing an order and receiving delivery.
8.
Minimum stock level is the level stock should not be normally allowed to fall.
9.
Maximum stock level is the level above which stocks should not be normally
allowed to rise or exceed.
10. Re-order
quantity is the quantity, which is most economical to other quantities.
11. Stock
turnover explains how many times the inventory rotates at the time in question
or during the accounting period.
12.
Inventory is the stock of a product a company is manufacturing for sales and
the components that make up the product.
Department | Business Administration and Management |
Project ID Code | BAM0046 |
Chapters | 3 Chapters |
No of Pages | 33 pages |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |