ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to find out the impact of
motivation on the performance of secondary schools teachers. It also
investigated the difference in the extent to which public and private secondary
schools teachers are motivated to perform their duties in secondary schools in
Isu Local Government Area, Edo State. The sample was (100) teachers, five
teachers were taken from each of the sampled schools through random sampling
technique from (20) secondary schools in Isu Local Government Area. Four
hypotheses were formulated for testing. The research instrument was the
questionnaire constructed by the researcher, based on the research questions,
and validated through expert guidance and pilot testing.
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Background of the Study
1.2
Statement of the
Problem
1.3
Purpose of the
Study
1.4
Significance of the
Study
1.5
Assumptions
1.6
Hypothesis
1.7
Scope of the
Study
1.8
Limitation of the
Study
1.9
Definition of
Terms
3.1
Design of the
Study
Population
3.2
Sample and Sampling
Technique
3.3
The Research
Instrument
3.4
Validity and Reliability of
Instrument
Date collection procedure
Date Analysis
4.1
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of date
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1
Conclusion
5.2
Recommendation
5.3
Suggestions for further Research
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Secondary schools are established to educate students to enable them contribute
to the economic, political and social cultural well, being of their
country. In Isu Local Government Area of Imo State, there appears to a
hindrance in the realization of objectives of secondary school. An
important factor responsible for the non-attainment of the overall purpose of
secondary school is due to inadequate motivation of staff.
Secondary schools teachers are different in sex and status. However
sufficient efforts are not made by the Government, proprietors and some parents
to motivate the secondary schools teachers in Isu Local Government Area to
teach the students.
Bulya (1992) assents that:- The Government is not left out in
making the teachers feel inferior.
One of this is economic depression; the first group to bear the
brunt is teacher. I for see the year 200AD as the year teacher will go
home with no pay if the economy continues to deteriorate as if there is no
charge of altitude on the part of administrations of teachers welfare. In
the 1989 Budget, the Government had decreed that car refurbishing loan be given
to desiring officers. Deserving education officers teaching in secondary
schools also filled from but non-benefited from the loan. This game added
to the teachers frustration. Thus, the Nigeria teachers continue to
render essential service to the nation without adequate compensation by the
Government.
Thus, there is need to motivate teachers in Isu Local Government Area to enable
them teach their students very well. The teachers should be paid their
salaries on time, the parents of students should not sunb teachers and the
government should give car loans to the teachers, entertainment allowance and
meal subsidy’s
Furthermore, Bulya (1992) observes that the delay is the payment of teacher’s
salaries is responsible for the poor image of the teacher. He added that
in 1993, primary school teacher’s salaries were delayed in Gongola State for
months old industrial action. In the same year teachers in Bauchi Local
Government Area appealed to the State Government to do everything possible to
ensure that they were paid arrears of their two months salaries.
The non-payment of secondary schools teacher’s salaries on time makes it
difficult for them to meet their family financial obligations at home.
Some of the teacher’s dress shabbily, some feel shy to introduce themselves as
teachers while some families are no longer proud of their members taking up the
teaching profession. They see it as the last resort.
Hence, teachers need to be motivated by the government, proprietors, all and
sundary to enable them perform in the secondary schools.
No wonder Okon and Anderson (1982) argued that since money
provided power for it’s possessor, it has a double effect in lending
status. Money permits a person of wealth to exhibit a life style, which
others may enjoy. The person who is envied has a higher status than
the person who is pitied wealth can be obtained through salaries earnings so
give the teachers their due that they may live and be envied by others.
Since teacher are very important in our secondary schools because they teach
the students, there is need to motivate the teachers to enable them perform in
teaching student in secondary school in Isu Local Government Area, Benin City.
Bolarinwa (1996) shows that academic performance of students in our schools is
deters rating compared to the olden days because of the teacher. He added
that those responsible for this kind of change are the teachers and one of the
reasons behind this could be the status of the profession in Nigeria now.
He added that many people see teaching as a job that could be done when there
is no other choice. There is no adequate encouragement for teachers who
are in a position of steering the wheel of education of learners.
Teacher’s salary package is the least in the society compared to other
profession, some administrators do not seen teaching as some thing government
should spend so much on, they see it as a profession that gulp so much money
and nothing to show for it.
Thus, most local government chairpersons pay more attention on award of
contracts to their own benefits. Since they do not care on how good
contract is carried out, loss attention is paid to teacher’s welfare, salaries
are paid when the chairperson likes. Money allocated by federal
government to local government on primary education were diverted and used on
different projects. Those eventually created a change in the quality of
classroom instructions and the out put, since teacher’s salary were not paid
for months.
Ogonor (2003) stated that: The Nigerian educational system
has suffered government. In the period of financial
constraint, the educational system bears the brunt at certain periods teachers
salaries were unpaid for a period of about a few months. In situations as
stated teachers freely engaged in other activities unchecked while school was
in session because there was no moral justification to call the neglected and
hungry teachers to order.
Ogonor (2003) added that apart
from irregular payment of teacher’s salaries many teachers have never had the
opportunity or being sent on in-service training to up date their learning in
competence for an up ward period of about ten years. Hence many teachers
are enabling to respond to current changes in curriculum and pedagogy.
In Nigeria, like in most developing countries the teachers are very
important. This is mainly because of the role they play in educating the
students and in the political, social. Educational and economic development of
the country, In addition to it’s traditional role of educating the student, it
not only accounts for about 50% of Nigerian work force but also serves as
instrument for development.
Regrettably however, while the teachers continues to increase in size and
importance, it’s effectiveness and efficiencies have been on a serious decline
due to lack of motivation. Since the early-eighties, teachers commitment
performance and productivity are on the decline while various reports of
tribunals and commissions of inquiry point to the fact that most public sectors
organizations in Nigeria are characterized by inefficiency, mis-management ,
corruption, wastage and abuse of office e.t.c federal republic of Nigeria,
reports (1967) and Kano State reports (1975). The aforementioned concern
is further heightened taking into cognizance the fact that if teachers are
poorly motivate, then they will not do their best possible in teaching the
students in secondary school in Isu Local Government Area. In the same
heir, the academic performance of students will be affected in terms of poor
performance in internal and external examinations as a result of their
inability to complete their scheme of work due to industrial actions, work to
rule or engaging in other business because they were not paid their monthly
salaries for several months.
Ogonor (2003) Stated that the Nigerian educational system has suffered great
neglect during the are of successive government. In the period of
financial constraints the educational system bears the brunt. At certain
periods teachers salaries were unpaid for a period of about a few months.
In situations as stated teachers freely engaged in other activities unchecked
while schools were in session because there was no moral justification to call
the neglected and hungry teachers to order. She added that apart from irregular
payment of teachers salaries many teachers have never had the opportunity of
being sent on in service training to up date their learning in competences for
an up ward period of about ten years. Hence many teachers are unable to
respond to current changes in curriculum and pedagogy.
Thus, in Nigerian, like most developing countries, the teachers are very
important. This is mainly because of the role they play in educating the
students and in the political, social, educational and economic development of
the country. In additional to it’s traditional role of educating the
student it not only account for about 50% of Nigeria work force but also serves
as instrument for development. Regrettably however, while the teachers
continue to increase in size and importance, its effectiveness and efficiency
have been on a serious decline due to back of motivation. Since the
early-eighties, teachers commitment, performance, and productivity are on the
decline- while various reports of tribunals and commission of inquiry point to
the fact most public sector organization in Nigeria are characterized by inefficiency
mismanagement, corruption, wastage and abuse of office e.t.c.
(federal Republic of Nigeria
Reports 1067) and Kano State Reports (1975). Garba (2001) asserted that the use
of Incentive to motivate an employee Is however, by no means recent but has
acquired more popularity in recent times. The parameters of incentives
employed by organization include use of money provision of amenities and
fringe benefits, Involvement in decision making use of such factors as job
security and promotion. Further more, motivation has an impact the performance
of secondary school teachers. They can be motivated in different ways
depending on the ways employed by the government and school administrators.
Musa (1997) Stated that the
delay in the payment of salaries of teachers and other Fringe benefits are
sufficient evidence for this non-challant attitude to teachers Welfare.
He added that the non payment of teacher’s salaries has far reacting
consequences on our educational system and its products. Outstanding
among these consequences is the falling standard of education. When
teachers go on strike the effect is not fact immediately, so the government
does not car, the parents do not care and the children rejoice that they are
idle and free. The effects are however felt later. Kayode (1996) stated
that ironically, even on occasions when the economy is buoyant one still
discovers that teachers continue to constitute the least paid workers- beast of
burden, Invariably, therefore, teachers are unwillingly to teach or remain in
the profession due to lack of motivation, sheer want of devotion, commitment
and lack of appreciation of their worth by the society. The situation was not
different in Imo State in 1982, 1999 and 2002. The result was that some
teachers in secondary schools in Isu Local Government took up menial jobs as
financial coping techniques, withdrew their children from foe paying schools to
non-fee paying owns while others wish they could opt for other jobs.
Hence it becomes clear that there is low percentage of teachers who could be
said to be actually teaching effectively at any given time. Hence Kayode
(1996) remarked that if you feed teachers with peanuts, you should expect
nothing but monkeys.
In this regard, the researcher would therefore attempt to determine the impact
of motivation on the performance of secondary school teachers in Isu Local
Government Area, Imo State
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
For an effective and functional secondary educational to be
achieved therefore, the need to take cognizance of the performance of the
imputs (teachers in this context) is very essential. However, in view of
the unhealthy government, private proprietors and school administrators
attitude towards making much impact to motivate teachers to perform in
secondary schools, it could be rightly asserted that delay in payment of
teachers salaries, poor condition of work, lack of job security, non payment of
entertainment allowance and meal subsidy, grant of car loans among others are
responsible for the lack of motivation of teachers.
Angulu one time Registrar of Ahmadu Bello University, Speaking at the
graduation ceremony of ATC/ABU, Kano 1981/82 session: he said: “The teaching
profession in Nigeria has lost its glamour, social status and respect due to
lack of incentive for the teachers” Thus, the teaching profession has never
been a lucrative one since the teachers neither had the social status nor the
money. Hence the poor treatment given to teachers in the society ha
caused immense concern to parents, ministry of education and the society at
large. The researcher therefore wishes to examine the impact of motivation on
the performance of secondary school teachers in Isu Local Government Area, Imo
State. The following questions are to be investigated.
1.
Are the secondary school teachers in Isu Local Government area motivated to
perform their jobs according to the standard set by the Government?
2.
To what extent do the government and private proprietors motivate the teachers
to do their jobs?
3.
To what extent does the school management motivate the staff to do their jobs?
4.
Is there any difference in the factors motivating the staff job performance
between male and female teachers?
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The secondary school teachers are not effectively motivated to
enable them do their best possible in teaching students in secondary schools,
in Isu Local Government Area, Imo State. Bulya (1992) Stated that the secondary
schools teacher did not fair better. Many of them went without salaries
for months. This non-payment dented the image of the teaching profession
in no small measure. Teachers became borrowers and debtors. Some
took to secondary jobs that were very mean like motor cycle hiring services
while many others went into petty trading hawking and
peasant farming. Virtually there were no difference between the teacher
and a peasant illiterate. The aforementioned situation was the case in Bendel
State in 1982, 1989 and in Imo State in 2003. Thus, Kayode (1996) in his study
observed that:
The government at various levels
and time pretend not to know the Priority of the people they government else
how would Local Government Chairman prefer award of contracts for office and
road renovation to ensuring that primary schools are properly equipped and
teachers salaries are promptly paid. No serious attention is paid to
enhance the status of teachers, even projects and activities.
However, teachers are not will motivated to enable them improve on their
performance in teaching the students in secondary schools.
The purpose of this study, therefore was to find out the impact of motivation
of teachers performance in secondary schools. Specifically the study,
attempts to find out if the secondary school teachers are motivated to do their
jobs according to the standard set by the Government, the extent to which the
teachers are motivated by the Government/proprietors, the extent to which the
school management motivate the staff to do their jobs and if there is a
significant difference in the motivation of male and female in the performance
of their jobs.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings of this study will
be of immense benefit to secondary school teachers, principals, Heads of
Departments, Government, Policy makers, supervisors , Curriculum planners and tertiary
institutions. In the same view it will be of great help to various States
Federal Government and school proprietors so as to improve on their various
ways of motivating the teachers to enable them do their best possible.
ASSUMPTION
For the purpose of this study
the following assumptions have been made. It is envisaged that every
secondary schools in all the sampled schools are of the same setting and
standard. The teachers and students of the sampled schools are competent
enough to give reliable in formation on the impact of motivation on teachers
performance in secondary schools
HYPOTHESIS
In an attempt to carry out the
research work, the following research statements are formulated to guide the
researcher in the study.
1.
The secondary school teachers in Isu Local Government Area are not motivated to
perform their work according to the standard set by the Government.
2.
To what extent does the Government and private proprietors motivate the
teachers to perform their duties?
3.
To what extent does the school management motivate the teachers to perform
their duties?
4.
There is no difference in the factors motivating the staff job performance
between male and female teachers.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study covered twenty
schools in Isu Local Government Area, Imo State. The school were selected
through random sampling technique in order to examine the impact of motivation
on the performance of secondary school teachers in Isu Local Government Area of
Imo State. If the teachers in Isu Local Government Area are motivated to
perform their duties, the extent to which the Government and private
proprietors motivate their staff to perform their duties. The study also
covered extent to which school management motivate the staff and if there is
any difference in the factors motivating male and female teachers in the performance
of their jobs.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1.
Motivation - I t is the act of encouraging people to do something or act in a
particular way by giving them gifts, incentives or rewards. In this
context it refers to giving teachers gifts, promotions and allowing them to
participate in the administration of the school.
2.
Impact – I means to give a quality to something.
3.
Performance – It is the process or manna of performing duties, outstanding
action or achievement.
4.
Secondary schools – It refers to institutions for educating children.
5.
Teachers – It refers to people who teach especially in a school.
Department | Education |
Project ID Code | EDU0220 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 71 pages |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |