ABSTRACT
This issue of teenage
pregnancy in our contemporary society has been considered an epidemic and
endemic in nature, which constitutes social problem that should requires social
action for amelioration.
Moreso, this study
focuses on effect of teenage pregnancy on educational attainment of youth,
Because, the rate of youngsters (students) especially female dropping out of
schools has been on the increase. And having considered the political,
socio-economic and socio-cultural effects. It should be a matter of concern to
individual parents, teachers, churches, mosque, non-governmental organization
(NGOs) and groups.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the
Study
1.2
Statement of Problem
1.3
Purpose of
Study
1.4
Significance of the
Study
1.5
Research Question
1.6
Delimitation
1.7
Limitation of
Study
1.8
Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.1
Literature Review
2.2
Low Level of Teenagers Education
2.3
The Government Influence
2.4
Influence of Schools
Administration
2.5
Poor Parental Socio-Economic Background
2.6
Mass Media
Influence
2.7
Peer Group Influence
2.8
Sexual Activity
2.9
Pregnancy
2.10 The Use of Contraception
2.11 Family Planning
Services
2.12 Abortion
2.13 Sexually Transmitted
Diseases
2.14 Summary of Literature
Review
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1
Methodology
3.2
Design of the
Study
3.3
Sample and Sampling Technique
3.4
Instrument
3.5
Validity of Instruments
3.6
Reliability of the Instruments
3.7
Method of Data Collection
3.8
Method of Analyzing the Data
CHAPTER FOUR
4.2
Data Analysis
4.3
Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER
FIVE: SUMMARY,
FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1
Summary
5.2
Findings
5.3
Conclusion
5.4
Recommendation
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.9 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Teenage pregnancy among
youths in Nigeria has assumed an alarming proportion in recent years. A careful
observation of the unfolding scenario of history would reveal the complexity of
the problem which is even more glaring by the fact that is occurrences seems of
double edge sword to the victims family, community and the nation in general.
Meakers and Armed (1999).
A teenager is one who
have attained between the ages of 13 – 19 years which is also regarded as
“adolescence” period that is characterized with puberty experiences.
According to
psychologist, regard this period to be more dedicate in the life of every
individual as it precede and determines adulthood personality and adjustments.
Horrocks (1975) with this, adequate guidance and counseling is needed whereas
if lacking many lead to maladjustment. A Haurlock (1982) it is a period of
adjacent storm, stress and crises when one grope, for adjustment in order to
meet the demanding physical, mental, social, emotional, political, and economic
standard. Therefore the need for adequate paternal and maternal care for teens
cannot be overemphasized.
In many parts of the
world, the problem of teenage prostitution and pregnancy has been a frightening
reality. The results are tragic and often times involve them in crime and drug
abuse. Many of them feel frustrated and worthless, seeing little or no prospect
of escaping their wretched lives. Influential personalities recognize the
devastating effects of teenage prostitution and pregnancy Brazils ex-president,
Fernando Henrisque Cardoso aptly stated, child prostitution is a barbarous
crime. Also a Brazilian newspaper published this sobering comment about child
prostitution countries where such a practice is common, tolerated, accepted and
even bought after because of the money it beings experience every day the
devastation that it causes awake, child prostitution a tragic reality (Feb. 8,
2003).
Despite the noble
intentions most well individuals and groups to curb the phenomenon still stands
in a growing rate. What leads to this horrific situation? Why do so many
tolerate and even promote such a suicidal and genocidal behaviour. There has
been jingles in day to day radios and television stations and such more plethora
reports in newspapers about the ugly trend of teenage pregnancy among youths.
Effort put in place has seem on difference, as a great number of students
untimely withdrawing out of school in a massive manner. Not only limited to the
females but along with their males counterparts who in collaboration involves
in the act. L. l. Lauries, (1985).
Lloyd and Menseh (1999)
believed that the nature of the school, a girl or boy attends is presumed to be
important because the negation process around sex. The description of this
process is that girls “give in” to boys in exchange for gifts money transit.
Inevitable the
consequences is said to be unmeasurable as it send many to grave others who end
up with the complications of pregnancy and childbirth including infertility,
pelvic infections and chronic pain, obstetrician Olubukola Fawole (2001).
Former, minister of
health Dr. Ransome Kuti said that adolescent girls are victims of 50% of all
maternal deaths in Nigeria. Early pregnancy in these young females result in very
high mortality due to obstructed labor and other obstetric complications. Also,
among girls below age 19, 72% of all deaths result from abortion complications.
In addition to teenage pregnancy, other factors responsible for high maternal
mortality in Nigeria include low education levels, poverty, lack of access to
good health are and harmful traditional practices such as genital mutilation
and especially early marriage.
In Nigeria increased
unprotected sexual activities among males and females adolescents leading to
unwanted pregnancy and illegal abortion is posing serious health problems.
Approximately 610,000
abortions are performed in Nigeria annually, 60% of which are thought to be
unsafe the maternal mortality ration in Nigeria is 1,500 deaths per 100,000
live births, of these 12% are estimated to be due to unsafe abortion.
In some series, unsafe
abortion accounted for up to 40% of maternal mortality, the average unsafe
abortion morality ration in Africa is 110, deaths per 100,000 live following
unsafe abortion in Nigeria is said to be worrisome.
World Health
Organization (WHO) 1993, education of teens could play a vital role, according
to Universal Basic Education (UBE) policy on education (1981) specify equal
right of every one to education. But this is reverse in practice as many female
teens has been forced to withdraw out of school, due to pregnancy, which is the
leading proximate cause of female early dropout of school. And many other
reasons are absence of social and economic opportunities for girls and woman
and the demand placed on them, coupled with the gender. Inequalities known to
exist within the educational school experience, poor academic performance and
resignation to preference and resignation for early motherhood.
Therefore although pregnancy
is often though to disrupt the education of adolescent girls, teenage
reproductive behaviour may be endogenous to school completion in that many of
the same factors tend to drop out and early child bearing. Lloyd and Mensch
(1999). However, the need to untangle the issue of teenage pregnancy has down
on us undisputable major concern that is germane to our task of explaining and
ascertaining the causative factors, and solution to ameliorating the menacing
ugly trend among youths in Edo State.
Secondary school
students in Edo States are mostly between the ages of 12 – 18years, which makes
them teenagers or adolescents secondary school female students in Edo State are
vulnerable for reasons such as home background, economic situation, peer group (mixed
secondary schools). Thus exposes them to early pregnancy.
1.10 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
This study is geared
towards investigating into the effect of teenage pregnancy on educational
attainment of youth in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State.
It is no doubt a social
malady playing our entire society. Hence, the need to explore the underlying
factors and solutions for the degrading phenomenon is undisputable, several
ways of its correction and eradication has been widely acknowledged in
literature.
1.11 PURPOSE OF STUDY
The purpose of the study
was to find out the problems of teenage pregnancy among youths of Edo State. It
will consider the predisposing factors responsible for teenage pregnancy. Also
to seek measures of addressing the menace to the barest minimum in our society,
precisely in Edo State in particular.
School age girls
who become pregnant come from all socio economic classes of all race and all
parts of the country. (Rural and Urban). Many teenagers are facing the dilemma
of unwanted pregnancy and unwanted parenthood.
Parents, the society and
the nation, and the world in general are affected by them directly or
indirectly, and their choices will have significant consequences for the future
of their communities, their countries and the rest of the world.
1.12 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The essence of this
study is that it finding would be of tremendous assistance to educators,
teachers, parents, guidance, government, Youths in Edo State and beyond. Should
the resultant recommendations are considered and appreciated; the good image of
the state will be protected through educational standard and manpower
improvement. Parents would stand the changes of enjoying the fruit of their
womb and labour, as there will be no longer untimely withdrawal from school,
less health hazards among youths (female teens), less economic waste and
personality degradation.
The school management
would be proud of their academic standard since reliable and enviable products
would be emerging out of the school in a dramatic manner. Also the government
would be relieved of the pressure of meaningless and extravagant spending on
family planning services, chemotherapeutics drugs and equipment, adoption laws
and regulations, sex education and the like.
1.13 RESEARCH QUESTION
In the course of this
study to unravel the effect of teenage pregnancy on educational attainment of
youth in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State., the following questions are
intended to be investigated.
1.
Does teenage pregnancy affect the academic performance of female youths?
2.
Is the school administration responsible for teenage pregnancy?
3.
Does poor parental social-economic background also contribute to the high rate
of teenage pregnancy among youths?
4.
Does influence of peer group has to do with teenage pregnancy in our schools?
5.
Do the mass media influence responsible for teenage pregnancy among youths in
Edo State?
6.
Could the educational level of female teens responsible for teenage pregnancy
among teenagers?
1.14 DELIMITATION
This study is designed
to embrace all SSS I – III female youths of Egor Local Government Area, Edo
State.
The students age range
fall between the bracket of 13 – 19years with high variance.
1.15 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Mortality Ratio:
Is the number of deaths recorded in a population of people over a given period
of time.
Puberty:
It is the onset of menarche for girls and the first experience of nocturnal
emissions for boys.
Suicidal Behaviour:
It is the behavioiur vulnerably inimical to one’s survival.
Genocidal Behaviour: It is
the behaviour that could vulnerable estimate a race of people (nation).
Peer Group:
People of the age with similar background and interest.
Contraception:
It is the practice or methods employ deliberately to prevent pregnancy.
Ectopic Pregnancy:
A fertilized ova developing outside the womb (uterus) as conception.
Abortion: It is the premature expulsion of (embryo,
placenta etc) from the uterus of conception before 28th weeks
of gestation.
Pornography:
Presentation of image or pictures exposing sexual parts of human body.
Adolescence:
A time of discovery of self, of feeling and of the complexities of society
usually occurring between the ages of 13 – 18 years. This period of
psychological maturation.
Department | Education |
Project ID Code | EDU0137 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 108 pages |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦5000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |