ABSTRACT
The purpose of this
survey research is to explore the comparative study of the leadership style of
male and female principal in selected secondary schools in Oredo Local
Government Area of Edo State. The subjects of this study include 20 public
schools, principal and 100 public school teachers. The questionnaire has two
parallel forms one for the headmasters to rate themselves and another in which
teachers can rate the headmasters. According to section (1) and (2) the
principal rated themselves as the highest on the human resources frame. In
addition to this, the majority of the headmasters consider themselves as being
effective leaders and managers. As to teachers ratings of the headmaster were
rate the highest on the human resources in section 1 and section 2. Moreover,
the majority of the teachers thank that the headmasters that they work with,
are effective managers and leaders.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Research questions
Hypothesis
Significance of the
study
Delimitation of the
study
Limitation of the study
Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature review
CHAPTER
THREE
Research methodology
Population of the study
Sample and sampling
technique
Research instrument
Validity and reliability
Method of administering
the research instrument
Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation and
analysis of data
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, conclusion and
recommendation
Summary of findings
Conclusion
Recommendation
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The school head is the
executive officer in charge of any post primary instruction, may be a secondary
school, a high school technical school, or a combination of all, for this
study. Therefore, the word school head principal, will be used. The ultimate
task of any school is the achievement of defined goals. Therefore, the
principal as the leader is involved in making management decision, formulating
rules, maintaining and coordinating all activities to achieve their goals.
Itsueli (2000) pointed out that the main purpose of leadership in any
organization is that of cooperating efforts of people towards the achievement
of its goals. In which case, teaching and learning becomes the central aim
while the success or failure is goals attained. The degree of
goals attainment therefore, depend on how well the school head is able to act
those roles that have been made, in order words, the leadership style adopted.
Kenzevich (2003) identified three main leadership styles in schools namely, the
democratic, autocratic and laissez-faire styles of leadership. He further went
on to define each of them as follows, that an autocratic leader is one who
determines his policies and assigns duties to members of his group without any
consultation with them, his words are final and he feels that every member of
the group should obey him exceptionally proud and feel very superior.
A democratic leader on the other hand is one who takes decisions and formulates
his policies only after consulting members of his group. He interacts always
with members of his group. The laissez-faire is one who grants complete freedom
to members of his group or individuals to take decision without participation.
No organization can effectively function if such units are streamlined towards
the attainment of the organizational goals. The degree of achievement of those
attendance units as viewed in this study is a reflection of the quality of
leadership within such a functional unit. The indices for measuring such a
success in a attendance could include the standard of students performance in
the school certificate examination, the general level of students discipline
and the degree to which the school is crisis-free.
In essence, this study intends to
examine the different leadership style adopted by male and female school heads;
it is also designed to measure their success or failure in goal attainment.
1. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
In Nigeria today,
post-primary administrative structure, regardless of their complexities of
organization, exhibit some similarities which may be found in many of the
relationships, duties and functions expected of a principal within the school.
In Oredo local government, as well as in other parts of Nigeria, the principal
in any post-primary school is often seen and perceived by most people as the
key person influencing the condition affecting the social relationship within
the school. He occupies a unique position in the educational leader and people
look up to him for leadership recognizing the fact that the quality of
education in school is directly related to his knowledge and still as an
education on stimulating people to optimum performance in achieving the
institutional goals and objectives. The success or failure of a school depends
upon the principal and his success depends on the style of leadership he
adopts.
Many researchers have shown that the style of leadership offered school makes a
lot of difference in attaining the goals of the institution and it is on the
basis of this, that one leadership style is preferred to another.
Knickerbockers (2009) contend that a goal leader must understand the goals of
his establishment and must constantly help to clarity them to his subordinates.
He has to encourage individuals to contribute to the success of the
organization and must be perceived by his followers as controlling needs. This,
a leadership style or method must be developed, such that will lead to the most
effective utilization of available resources.
Precisely the objectives of study are in four fold which are:-
1. To determine whether the leadership approach of
a principal has any effect on the success of failure of a school.
2. To determine the leadership styles peculiar to
male and female principals.
3. To also determine the leadership style that is
suitable to the success of a school
4. To identity the different leadership style.
1.3
PURPOSE OF STUDY
This study aims at establishing the relationship between the leadership and
performance of subordinates and to show the relevance of the leadership style
to the performance of pupils and students.
To present some things those principals can do to cultivate leadership ability
that would be of immense help in the administration of schools under their
care.
In the course of normal life, many problems of varying degrees often call for
different solutions and not just a solution to solving the
problems.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
Education must be led by
educationalists, not by medical expertise. The following hypothesis serves as a
guide to this study.
1. Is a school in which the principal adopt the
democratic style of leadership likely to perform better generally than a school
in which the principal adopts autocratic style?
2. Is a school in which the principal exhibits the
autocratic style of leadership likely to perform better than a school where the
principal adopts the laissez-faire style?
3. The male principals autocratic than their female
counterpart?
1. Do female principals exhibit more of a
laissez-faire style of leadership than their male counterpart?
2. Are female principals more democratic than their
male counterpart?
1. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The study will help
prospective administers, theorist, policy makers and practitioners in the
administration of schools in Nigeria.
Also, the study would show the relationship between leadership behavior of
different principals in Nigeria and those of their counterparts in developed
countries like America, Britain and Canada. It is also hoped that the
efficiency of those in the school system will be enhanced which will help to
impose the performance of pupils alike. Thereby enabling they contribute their
quota to the development of the society and making the society a better place
for all.
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study includes ten
secondary schools in Oredo local government; four of the ten schools are boys
only. Four of them are girls only. Two are mixed out of the ten schools, two
are privately owned.
Leadership styles are known to be numerous and vary from one person to another,
but this study was confined to three methods namely: Democratic style of
leadership, Autocratic style of leadership
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
For the purpose of this
study, the terms stated below are operationally defined.
o
DE CRITIC PRINCIPAL: one
who takes his decision after due consultation with other member of staff.
o
PRINCIPAL: this is the
executive head of a school.
o
AUTOCRATIC PRINCIPAL:
one who takes his decision without consulting any members of staff.
o
LAISSEZ-FAIRE: one who
depends on the member of staff to set their goals and the means of achieving
them.
o
STREAMLINED: Make or
more efficient and effective by employing faster or simpler working method.
o
CRISIS- FREE: A crucial
or decisive point or situation, especially a difficult or unstable situation
involving an impending change.
o
ADMINISTRATIVE: Relating
to the running of a business, organization e.t.c
o
Complexities: The state
or quality of being intricate or complicated.
o
EDUCATIONALIST: a
person who has a special knowledge of the principals and methods of teaching.
o
COUNTERPART: a person or
thing that corresponds to or has the same functions as another person or thing
in a different place or situation.
Unpublished master’s thesis. Osmangazi
university Eski-Ehir.
Department | Education |
Project ID Code | EDU0115 |
Chapters | 5 Chapters |
No of Pages | 59 pages |
Reference | YES |
Format | Microsoft Word |
Price | ₦4000, $15 |
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Contact Us On | +2347043069458 |